Plant's Organogenesis

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    The tissue culture method was developed to help propagate plants, especially for plants that are difficult to reproduce generatively. Seedlings produced from tissue culture have several advantages, including having identical characteristics to their parents, being able to reproduce in large quantities so they don't really need a large area, being able to produce large numbers of seeds in a short time, better health and quality seeds. guaranteed, the speed of growing seedlings is faster than conventional propagation.

    There are several methods that can be used in in-vitro regeneration, one of which is through the induction of organogenesis. Organogenesis is originating from organs or tissues without first forming somatic embryos, this method can be done through multiplication of buds from axillary buds and through the formation of adventitious shoots either directly or indirectly. Organogenesis is the process of forming organs such as shoots, roots, either directly or indirectly through callus formation or not. The nature of competence, dedifferentiation and determination of cells or tissues is very important for organogenesis to occur in explants. A cell is said to be competent if the cell or tissue is able to respond to environmental signals or hormone signals. A competent formation can be done by giving a suitable Growth Regulatory Substance treatment or it is called ZPT induction.

     Organogenesis can be carried out on cells that are meristematic and competent, namely cells that are able to respond to environmental or hormonal signals so that it ends with the formation of organs. This response depends on the phase of the cell cycle, namely the G1 phase. There are two factors that affect the ability of cells to carry out organogenesis, namely (1) the level of differentiation and specialization and (2) the influence of nearby tissues on gene expression in these cells.

References:

>Arhvitasari, Muslimin, Waeniyanti & Wardah, 2019. Organogenesis Tanaman Gaharu (Aquilaria malaccensis Lamk) Pada Berbagai Konsentrasi Zat Pengatur Tumbuh Benzyl Amino Purin (Bap) - Indole Butiric Acid (Iba) Secara In-Vitro. Jurnal Warta Rimba, 7(3).

>Suminar, E. et al., 2017. Percepatan Penyediaan Benih Sumber Kedelai Unggul Secara In Vitro. Jurnal Agrikultura, 28(3), pp. 126-135.

>Tyas, K. N., Susanto, S., Dewi, I. S. & Khumaida, N., 2016. Organogenesis Tunas Secara Langsung Pada Pamelo (Citrus maxima (Burm.) Merr.). Buletin Kebun Raya, 19(1), pp. 1-10.